Solar panel | Solar panel serve as components that transform sunlight into electricity using photovoltaic cells. These are an eco-friendly and renewable energy source, minimizing reliance on fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel |
Solar thermal collector | A solar collector is a apparatus that collects sunlight to convert heat, typically used for hot water production or space heating applications. It effectively converts solar energy into thermal energy, reducing reliance on standard energy sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_collector |
Solar thermal energy | Sun-powered thermal energy harnesses sunlight to generate warmth, which can be used for water heating, space heating, or power generation. It is a green and sustainable technology that reduces reliance on fossil fuels and lowers carbon emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_energy |
Worthing | Worthing is a scenic seaside town in West Sussex, England, known for its historic pier and vibrant promenade. It offers a delightful blend of golden sands, cultural attractions, and outdoor activities perfect for visitors and residents alike. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worthing |
England | England is a historic and historic-influenced nation in the UK known for its abundant cultural heritage, famous sights, and bustling cities like London. It boasts a diverse landscape of gentle slopes, historic forts, and bustling urban centers that combine tradition with modern innovation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England |
Sunlight | Sunlight is the natural radiance emitted by the sun, essential for life on Earth as it offers fuel for photosynthesis and affects climate and weather patterns. It also contributes to our well-being by synchronizing our circadian rhythms and boosting vitamin D production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight |
Electricity | Electrical power is a type of power generated by the motion of charged particles, primarily negatively charged particles. It drives innumerable appliances and infrastructures, supporting today’s lifestyle and technological advancements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity |
Photovoltaic | Solar technology converts sunlight directly into power using solar panels composed of semi-conductor materials. It is a renewable power source that reduces reliance on fossil fuels and helps mitigate ecological footprint. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic |
Electrons | Electrons are subatomic particles with a reversed electric charge that orbit the nucleus of an atom, important for in chemical reactions and electricity. Their behavior and interactions affect the electrical conductivity and chemical properties of elements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrons |
Direct current | Direct current is the unidirectional movement of electric charge, generally produced by cell packs, power supplies, and photovoltaic cells. It provides a steady voltage or current, rendering it essential for electronic devices and low-voltage applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current |
Battery (electricity) | A power source is a instrument that accumulates chemical energy and converts it into current to operate various digital equipment. It includes one or more electrochemical cells, each comprising positive and negative electrodes divided by an ionic solution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity) |
Photovoltaic system | An photovoltaic system converts sunlight directly into power using solar panels made of solar cells. It is an green power option that minimizes reliance on fossil fuels and promotes renewable power generation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system |
Solar inverter | A solar inverter is a instrument that converts direct current (DC) produced by solar panels into AC appropriate for home use and grid integration. It plays a crucial role in enhancing energy performance and ensuring safe, consistent power output from solar energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_inverter |
Alternating current | AC is an electric current that flips direction periodically, typically used in home and commercial power supplies. It permits efficient transmission of electricity over extended spans and is characterized by its voltage and current waveforms, typically sinusoidal. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current |
Charge controller | A charge regulator is a device that regulates the voltage level and electric current coming from a solar panel to avoid batteries from overcharging and harm. It ensures optimal energy flow and extends the lifespan of the battery system. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_controller |
Measuring instrument | A survey tool is a instrument used to determine the size, amount, or level of something accurately. It includes gadgets like rulers, climate gauges, and barometers that provide accurate readings for various applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measuring_instrument |
Solar tracker | An solar tracker is a system that automatically adjusts its orientation of solar panels to monitor the sun's movement during the day, enhancing energy absorption. This innovation enhances the efficiency of solar power systems by ensuring best sun exposure. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracker |
Solar farms | Solar power plants are massive plants that utilize sunlight to generate electricity using numerous solar panels. They offer a renewable and renewable energy resource, reducing reliance on carbon-based fuels and decreasing pollution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_farms |
Rooftop solar power | Solar power from rooftops involves installing photovoltaic panels on roofs of buildings to create electricity from sunlight. This sustainable energy source helps minimize reliance on non-renewable fuels and lowers greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_power |
Grid-connected photovoltaic system | A grid-integrated solar power system transforms sunlight into electricity and feeds excess power directly into the utility grid, providing a renewable energy solution. It enhances energy efficiency and reduces reliance on fossil fuels while enabling users to benefit from potential energy credits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid-connected_photovoltaic_system |
Greenhouse gas emissions | Greenhouse gas emissions refer to the release of gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and N2O into the atmosphere, primarily from human activities like fossil fuel combustion and deforestation. These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to global warming and climate change. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions |
Solar power satellite | A solar satellite is an artificial satellite equipped with solar panels that collect sunlight and generate power. This power is then sent wirelessly to the planet's surface for utilization as a sustainable energy source. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_satellite |
Home energy storage | Residential energy storage solutions store excess power generated from renewable energy or the grid for later use, improving energy independence and effectiveness. These systems generally use batteries to offer backup power, cut down energy costs, and support grid stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_energy_storage |
Timeline of solar cells | The history of solar cells tracks the advancement and improvements in solar power tech from the beginning finding of the photovoltaic effect to contemporary high-efficiency solar panels. It showcases key innovations, including the invention of the original silicon solar cell in 1954 and persistent advances that have greatly enhanced energy conversion and cost-effectiveness. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_solar_cells |
Edmond Becquerel | Edmond Becquerel was a French-born scientist renowned for his pioneering work in the study of the photovoltaic effect and glow. His research laid the basis for comprehending how radiation interacts with specific substances to generate electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Becquerel |
Willoughby Smith | Willoughby Smith was a UK electrician and researcher known for finding out the photoconductivity of selenium in 1873. His work laid the foundation for the development of the photoconductive cell and progress in early photographic and electronic technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willoughby_Smith |
Selenium | Selenium is an free platform used for automated testing of web browsers, allowing testers to simulate user interactions and verify web application functionalities. It supports multiple programming languages and browsers, making it a versatile tool for test automation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium |
William Grylls Adams | William Grylls Adams was a British scientist renowned for his pioneering work in the study of luminescence and optics, particularly the discovery of the polarization effect of light reflected from transparent materials. His research significantly contributed to the understanding of electromagnetic waves and the development of optical science. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Grylls_Adams |
Charles Fritts | Charles Fritts was indeed an US inventor who created the initial working selenium solar cell in 1883. His innovative work laid the basis for the contemporary photovoltaic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fritts |
Coal-fired power plant | An coal-powered power plant generates electricity by combusting coal to produce vapor that drives turbines connected to generators. This process releases considerable amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal-fired_power_plant |
Russell Ohl | Russell Ohl was an American scientist credited with discovering the solar cell and enhancing the understanding of semiconductors. His work paved the way for modern solar power technology and the creation of silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Ohl |
Bell Labs | Bell Laboratories is a prestigious innovative organization historically associated with AT&T, known for leading innovations in telecommunications, computing, and materials research. It has been the origin of many groundbreaking inventions, including the semiconductor device and the laser technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Labs |
Silicon | Silicon is a chemical with the symbol Si and number 14, widely known for its crucial role in the fabrication of electronics and solar modules. It is a solid, brittle solid material with a steel-gray shine, predominantly employed as a semi-conductor in the technology sector. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon |
Micro-inverter | A small inverter is a small component installed on each solar panel to change direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) at the location. This approach improves system performance, allows for enhanced performance monitoring, and boosts energy production in solar energy setups. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-inverter |
Solar cell | A photovoltaic cell is a unit that transforms sunlight straight into electricity through the solar energy process. It is frequently used in solar panels to offer a renewable and sustainable energy resource. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell |
PV system | An PV (photovoltaic) system transforms sunlight straight into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is a sustainable energy technology that delivers eco-friendly power for residential, commercial, and utility-scale applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PV_system |
Photon | An photon acts as a elementary particle which represents a quantum of light as well as other electromagnetic radiation, transporting energy and momentum without containing rest mass. It has a important role in the relations between matter and electromagnetic fields, allowing phenomena including reflection, refraction, and quantum communication. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon |
Photovoltaic effect | The solar photoelectric effect is the process by which certain materials convert sunlight directly into electricity through the creation of electron-hole pairs. This event is the basic foundation behind solar cell technology, facilitating the utilization of solar energy for energy creation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_effect |
Wafer (electronics) | An wafer in electronics is a slim slice of chip material, usually silicon, used as the substrate for creating integrated circuits. It functions as the primary platform where integrated circuits are built through processes like doping, etching, and coating. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_(electronics) |
Crystalline silicon | Crystalline silicon is a extremely pure form of silicon used mainly in the manufacturing of photovoltaic cells and electronic devices due to its excellent semiconductor properties. Its regular, orderly crystal lattice enables efficient electrical conductivity and energy conversion. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline_silicon |
Thin film solar cell | Thin-film photovoltaic devices are a type of solar energy technology characterized by their light, flexible design, and capacity for large-area manufacturing at a more affordable price. They use layers of semiconductor materials just several micrometers in thickness to transform sunlight into usable electricity efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film_solar_cell |
Dead and live loads | Dead loads refer to the constant forces exerted by the weight of building components and permanent equipment, while live loads are transient forces such as users, furniture, and environmental factors. Both are essential considerations in structural design to guarantee safety and stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_and_live_loads |
Series and parallel circuits | Series circuits link components in a line, so the same current flows through all devices, while parallel circuits link components between the same voltage source, permitting several paths for current. These layouts influence the circuit's overall resistance, current distribution, and voltage reductions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_and_parallel_circuits |
Electric power | Electric power is the speed at which electric power flows by an electric circuit, mainly utilized for powering devices and appliances. It is generated through multiple sources such as fossil fuels, nuclear power, and sustainable sources, and is essential for today's lifestyle. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power |
Watt | A watt is a measure of energy transfer rate in the metric system, showing the measure of energy flow or conversion. It is equivalent to one joule per second. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt |
Voltage | Voltage is the electrical pressure difference between two points, which causes the flow of electrical current in a circuit. It is measured in volts (V) and indicates the work per individual charge available to shift electrons. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage |
Volt | A volt is the derived unit of electrical potential, potential difference, and EMF in the SI system. It measures the potential energy per charge unit between two points in an electrical network. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt |
Electric current | Electric flow is the movement of electrical charge through a metal wire, commonly measured in A. It is essential for supplying electronic equipment and allowing the working of electronic circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current |
Ampere | Amp serves as the standard of electrical flow in the International System of Units, represented by A. It quantifies the movement of electrical charge through a wire over a period of time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere |
Electrical load | Electrical load indicates the quantity of electrical power or current demanded by equipment and Electrical load in a circuit. It influences the configuration and capacity of power systems to guarantee reliable and cost-effective energy distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_load |
Junction box | A junction box is an electrical enclosure used to securely contain wire connections, providing a core for wiring in electrical systems. It ensures organized and secure connections, preventing electrical hazards and facilitating maintenance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junction_box |
MC4 connector | The MC4 plug is a uniform photovoltaic connector used to attach solar panels in a safe and dependable manner. It features a clip-in design with waterproof sealing, ensuring durability and optimal electrical connection in outdoor solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MC4_connector |
USB power | USB power provides a convenient and standardized method of delivering electrical energy to devices through common ports. It is often used for recharging and supplying a broad range of electronic gadgets, from smartphones to peripherals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_power |
Power inverter | A power converter is a device that transforms DC from supplies like batteries or photovoltaic arrays into AC suitable for home devices. It enables the operation of standard electrical devices in environments where only DC energy is accessible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_inverter |
Battery pack | An battery pack functions as an collection of numerous individual batteries assembled to store and supply electrical energy for various devices. This provides portable power solutions for electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_pack |
Solar tracking | Solar tracking systems automatically align the angle of photovoltaic panels to track the sun’s path throughout the day, maximizing power intake. This technology improves the effectiveness of photovoltaic energy harvesting by keeping optimal panel positioning. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracking |
Maximum power point tracking | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a method used to maximize the power output of solar panel setups by continuously adjusting the performance point to correspond to the optimal power point of the photovoltaic modules. This methodology ensures the most efficient power harvesting, especially under changing weather. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking |
Power optimizer | A power optimizer functions as a device used in solar energy systems to optimize energy output by separately improving the performance of each solar panel. It increases overall system efficiency by cutting down on energy loss caused by shading, dirt, or panel mismatch. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_optimizer |
Solar performance monitor | A solar power performance monitor is a instrument that observes and analyzes the efficiency of solar power systems in live, delivering useful data on energy production and system status. It assists enhance solar energy generation by identifying issues early and ensuring optimal performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_performance_monitor |
Thin-film solar cell | Thin-film solar cells are thin, versatile photovoltaic devices made by depositing thin layers of semiconductor materials onto substrates. They offer a economical and multi-functional alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels, with applications in multiple portable and building-integrated energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell |
Solar cells | Photovoltaic cells convert solar radiation directly into electricity through the photoelectric effect, making them a renewable energy source. They are frequently used in solar panels to power homes, appliances, and full solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cells |
Polycrystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon, also known as polysilicon, is a compound composed of many small silicon crystals, frequently used in solar modules and chip fabrication. Its creation involves fusing and recrystallizing silicon to create a pure, polycrystalline type suitable for electronic devices. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycrystalline_silicon |
Monocrystalline silicon | Monocrystalline silicon is a high-purity variant of silicon with a uniform lattice framework, making it extremely capable for use in solar cells and electronics. Its consistent formation allows for enhanced electron transfer, resulting in superior performance compared to alternative silicon forms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocrystalline_silicon |
Cadmium telluride photovoltaics | Cadmium telluride photovoltaics represent a kind of thin film solar system that presents a economical and effective alternative for massive solar energy production. They are known as their high absorption performance and moderately low manufacturing expenses in comparison with traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride_photovoltaics |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cell | CIGS photovoltaic devices are laminate photovoltaic devices that utilize a composite compound of copper, indium, Ga, and selenium to turn sunlight into electricity efficiently. They are recognized for their great light capturing performance, bendability, and possibility for lightweight, affordable solar energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cell |
Amorphous silicon | Non-crystalline silicon is a amorphous molecular configuration, making it more adaptable and easier to deposit than ordered silicon. It is often used in photovoltaic thin films and electronic components due to its affordability and adaptable features. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_silicon |
Third-generation photovoltaic cell | Advanced-generation photovoltaic cells aim to exceed traditional solar cell efficiencies by utilizing state-of-the-art materials and new techniques such as multi-layered stacks, quantum dots, and organic-inorganic hybrids. These technologies focus on optimizing energy conversion, cutting costs, and expanding applicability to various environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-generation_photovoltaic_cell |
Multi-junction solar cell | Multi-layered solar cells are innovative photovoltaic devices that utilize various p-n connections arranged in tandem to capture a wider spectrum of the solar spectrum, significantly enhancing their efficiency. They are mainly applied in space missions and high-performance solar power systems due to their excellent energy transformation capabilities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-junction_solar_cell |
Solar panels on spacecraft | Solar panels on spacecraft are essential devices that generate solar radiation into electricity to supply onboard instrumentation. They are typically lightweight, robust, and designed to operate efficiently in the demanding space environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panels_on_spacecraft |
Compound semiconductor | Compound semiconductors are substances composed of several elements, typically involving a metal component and a non-metallic element, used in high-speed electronic and optoelectronic devices. They offer better performance in applications such as lasers, light-emitting diodes, and high-frequency transistors compared to traditional silicon-based semiconductors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_semiconductor |
Gallium arsenide | Gallium arsenide is a compound-based semiconductor known for its high electron mobility and effectiveness in high-frequency and optoelectronic applications. It is frequently used in devices such as microwave circuits, infrared LEDs, and solar cells. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_arsenide |
Concentrator photovoltaics | CPV utilize lenses or reflectors to focus sunlight onto very efficient multi-band solar cells, significantly increasing energy conversion efficiency. This technique is suitable for massive solar power plants in areas with clear sunlight, offering a affordable option for intensive energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrator_photovoltaics |
Thin-film silicon | Thin-film silicon is a type of photovoltaic material used in solar cells, characterized by its slim and flexible form factor. It offers a cost-effective alternative to traditional silicon wafers, with applications in building-integrated photovoltaics and portable energy devices. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_silicon |
CIGS solar cell | CIGS thin-film solar cell utilize a ultra-thin layer of copper indium gallium selenide as the light-absorbing layer, known for high efficiency and flexibility. They offer a lightweight, economical alternative to standard silicon solar arrays with reliable operation in diverse climates. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIGS_solar_cell |
Thin-film | Thin-film denotes a slender layer of material, often measured in nanometers or micrometers, used in various technological uses. These layers are crucial in electronic devices, light manipulation, and coatings for their special physical and chemical features. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film |
Rooftop solar PV | Building-mounted solar PV systems harness solar energy to generate electricity directly on building rooftops, providing a sustainable and affordable energy solution. They help reduce reliance on fossil fuels, lower electricity bills, and contribute to eco-preservation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_PV |
Thin film | A layer of material is a sheet of compound covering a few nanometers to several micrometers in dimension, often coated on surfaces for functional applications. These films are used in various industries, including electronics industry, light manipulation, and medicine, to alter surface properties or create specific device functionalities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film |
Nanometers | Nano units are measurement units equivalent to one-billionth of a meter, often utilized to illustrate very tiny distances at the atomic and molecular scale. They are important in fields like nanotechnology, physics, and chemistry for determining structures and particles at the nano level. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanometers |
Micrometers | Measuring tools are accurate gauges used to precisely measure small distances or depths, generally in manufacturing and fabrication. They feature a calibrated screw system that allows for precise readings, often down to thousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometers |
Silicon wafer | A silicon wafer is a slender, round segment of silicon crystal used as the substrate for constructing semiconductor devices. It functions as the basic material in the creation of integrated circuits and electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_wafer |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells | Copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells are thin-film solar modules known for their excellent performance and adaptability, making them suitable for various uses. They use a multilayer layered semiconductor setup that turns sunlight directly into power with remarkable effectiveness in low-light settings. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cells |
Multi-crystalline silicon | Multi-crystalline silicon silicon is a form of silicon used in photovoltaic panels, characterized by its several crystal grains that give it a speckled appearance. It is known for being economical and having a moderately high efficiency in turning sunlight into energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-crystalline_silicon |
Solar PV systems | Photovoltaic systems convert solar energy directly into energy using PV cells, providing a green energy source for residential, commercial, and grid applications. They provide a eco-friendly, sustainable, and affordable way to cut down reliance on fossil fuels and reduce CO2 emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_PV_systems |
Perovskite solar cell | Perovskite solar cell are a type of photovoltaic technology that use perovskite-structured compounds as the light-harvesting layer, known for their high efficiency and low-cost manufacturing. These cell have rapidly advanced in performance, making them a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perovskite_solar_cell |
Dye-sensitized solar cell | A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a solar energy device that transforms sunlight into electrical energy using a photosensitive dye to take in light and generate electron flow. It offers a cost-effective and versatile alternative to conventional silicon-based solar cells, with possibility for transparent and lightweight applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye-sensitized_solar_cell |
Quantum dot solar cell | Quantum dot solar cell cells utilize nanosized semiconductor particles to enhance light absorption and energy conversion through quantum confinement effects. This approach offers the potential for cost-effective, flexible, and superior solar energy harvesting solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot_solar_cell |
Organic solar cell | Organic photovoltaic devices are photoelectric devices that employ carbon-based compounds, to turn solar radiation into electrical power. They are lightweight, bendable, and enable lower-cost, large-area solar energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_solar_cell |
CZTS | CZTS Cu) Zinc Tin Sulfide is a promising electronic material used in layer solar panels due to its abundant and non-toxic elements. Its superior photo-electronic properties make it an appealing substitute for green photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CZTS |
Building integrated photovoltaics | Building integrated photovoltaics integrated solar building solutions seamlessly incorporate solar power systems into the design of construction components, such as roof surfaces, facades, and glazing. This innovative approach enhances energy efficiency while maintaining design elegance and structural functionality. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_integrated_photovoltaics |
Transparency and translucency | Transparency permits light to pass through a material bearing minimal distortion, making objects behind clearly visible. Translucency allows light to spread through, making detailed visibility obscured but still allowing shapes and light to pass through. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency |
Window tinting | Window tinting involves applying a thin film to the inside or outside of cars or structures panes to cut down on glare, heat, and UV rays. It boosts privacy, improves energy efficiency, and provides a sleek aesthetic to any window. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_tinting |
List of photovoltaic power stations | A list of solar power stations details various extensive solar energy installations around the planet, highlighting their output and positions. These plants play a crucial role in sustainable energy generation and worldwide efforts to lower carbon releases. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaic_power_stations |
Photovoltaic power stations | Solar power facilities are large-scale installations that transform sunlight straight into electricity using photovoltaic panels. They play a vital role in sustainable power creation, lessening dependence on non-renewable energy sources, and cutting emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_stations |
Environmental issues | Environmental issues encompass a wide range of issues such as contamination, global warming, and forest loss that threaten the health of our planet. Addressing these problems requires collaborative action to promote sustainable practices and protect wild habitats. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues |
Renewable energy | Sustainable power comes from eco-friendly origins that are renewably replenished, such as solar radiation, air currents, and water. It offers a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, reducing ecological footprint and supporting long-term energy security. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy |
Non-renewable energy | Fossil fuels, such as lignite, petroleum, and methane, are non-replenishable supplies formed over geological eras and are consumed when used. They are the main fuels for electrical energy and vehicle operation but pose ecological and environmental and sustainability challenges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-renewable_energy |
Electricity generation | Power production involves converting various energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas, nuclear power, and green energy into electrical power. This process typically occurs in power stations where turbines and generators work together to produce electric current for grid delivery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_generation |
Heavy metals | Heavy metals are dense, harmful elements such as lead, quicksilver, Cd, and As that pose significant health and environmental risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. They are commonly found in industrial emissions, contaminated water, and certain consumer products, requiring careful management to prevent adverse effects. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metals |
Solar-cell efficiency | Solar-cell efficiency indicates how well a solar panel generates sunlight into usable electrical power. Enhancing this efficiency is essential for optimizing renewable energy generation and cutting reliance on coal and oil. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-cell_efficiency |
Photoelectric effect | The photoelectric effect occurs when radiation shining on a metal surface ejects electronic particles from that surface, demonstrating the particle nature of light. This phenomenon provided significant indication for the development of quantum physics by showing that photon energy is quantified. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect |
Accelerated life testing | Accelerated life testing involves exposing products to elevated stresses to rapidly assess their durability and estimate their lifespan under normal conditions. This method helps detect potential failures and improve product reliability efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_life_testing |
Growth of photovoltaics | The growth of photovoltaics has sped up rapidly over the past decade, driven by technological advancements and cost reductions. This expansion is revolutionizing the international energy scene by increasing the portion of sustainable solar power in power production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_of_photovoltaics |
Utility-scale solar | Utility-scale solar pertains to large solar power installations built to generate electricity on a business scale, providing power directly to the grid. These sites typically cover extensive areas and utilize solar panels or solar heating systems to produce renewable energy efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility-scale_solar |
Lens (optics) | A optic is a transparent device that bending light to bring together or separate rays, creating images. It is frequently used in instruments like cameras, glasses, and microscopes to adjust light for improved vision and imaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics) |
Angle of incidence (optics) | The incidence angle is the angle between an incoming light ray and the normal line orthogonal to the surface at the point of contact. It controls how light interacts with the surface, affecting reflection and refraction properties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(optics) |
Anti-reflective coating | Anti-reflective coating is a coating applied to vision surfaces to reduce glare and enhance light passage. It boosts the crispness and illumination of screens by cutting down on stray reflections. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating |
Destructive interference | Destructive interference occurs when a pair of waves meet in such a way that their wave heights cancel each other out, causing a diminution or full disappearance of the resultant waveform. This event usually happens when the waveforms are not in phase by half a cycle. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructive_interference |
Alternating Current | AC is an electric current that changes polarity, mainly utilized in electrical distribution networks. The electrical potential changes in a sinusoidal pattern throughout its cycle, enabling efficient transmission over large spans. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_Current |
Microinverter | A small inverter is a tiny entity used to transform direct current (DC) from a single solar panel into AC suitable for domestic use. It improves system efficiency by optimizing power output at the module level and streamlines setup and upkeep. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microinverter |
AC power | AC electrical energy, or alternating current power, is electrical power delivered through a setup where the voltage level and electric flow cyclically reverse polarity, enabling cost-effective transmission over long distances. It is generally used in homes and commercial sectors to operate different appliances and machinery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power |
DC connector | A DC plug is a kind of electrical connector used to supply DC energy from a power source to an electronic equipment. It typically consists of a round plug and jack that guarantee a secure and trustworthy link for multiple electronic uses. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_connector |
Underwriters Laboratories | UL is a worldwide security validation agency that tests and approves products to guarantee they adhere to specific protection requirements. It supports consumers and businesses identify dependable and protected products through thorough review and examination processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwriters_Laboratories |
Series circuits | Series circuits are electronic circuits in which components are connected end-to-end, forming a single path for current. In this arrangement, the identical current passes through all parts, and the total voltage is divided among them. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_circuits |
Parallel circuits | Parallel electrical circuits are electrical circuits where elements are connected across the same voltage source, providing multiple routes for current flow. This setup allows units to operate autonomously, with the total current divided among the branches. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_circuits |
Diode | A diode serves as a semiconductor device that allows current to move in one direction exclusively, functioning as a single-direction valve for electrical current. It is used for rectification, signal demodulation, and voltage regulation in circuit networks. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode |
Automobile auxiliary power outlet | An car auxiliary power outlet is a connection, typically 12 volt, created to provide electrical energy for multiple devices and attachments within a car. It permits users to recharge electronic gadgets or use small devices while on the move. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_auxiliary_power_outlet |
USB | USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a technology for connecting peripherals to computers, facilitating information exchange and electric power. It supports a variety of devices such as keyboards, mouses, external drives, and mobile phones, with different generations providing faster speeds and improved performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB |
Solar cell efficiency | Solar cell efficiency is the measure of the ratio of sunlight energy that a photovoltaic cell converts into usable energy. Enhancing this efficiency plays a key role in maximizing energy production and making solar power more cost-effective and eco-friendly. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell_efficiency |
National Renewable Energy Laboratory | The National Renewable Energy Laboratory is a U.S. DOE national laboratory dedicated to research and development in renewable energy and energy conservation technologies. It is committed to advancing breakthroughs in solar, wind power, biomass energy, and additional renewable sources to support a clean energy future. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Renewable_Energy_Laboratory |
Electromagnetic spectrum | The EM spectrum encompasses the entire range of EM radiation, ranging from wireless signals to gamma rays, featuring different lengths and energies. This range is fundamental to many technologies and natural phenomena, enabling signal transmission, medical imaging, and comprehension of the outer space. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum |
Ultraviolet | Ultraviolet light is a type of EM radiation with a wave length shorter than visible light but longer than X ray radiation, primarily generated by the solar radiation. It serves a key role in processes like vitamin D production but can also cause skin damage and skin aging caused by light. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet |
Infrared | Infrared radiation is a form of electromagnetic wave with longer wavelengths than visible light, primarily emitted as heat by objects. It is widely used in remote controls, thermal imaging, and various sensing technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared |
Monochromatic | Single-hued refers to a color design based on shades of a individual hue, using different shades, tints, and tones to create cohesion and connexion. This layout approach emphasizes clarity and elegance by maintaining uniform color elements throughout a layout. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatic |
Irradiance | Radiance refers to the strength of electromagnetic radiation per square unit incident on a surface, generally measured in watts per square meter. It is a key parameter in fields such as solar energy, climate science, and photobiology, showing the intensity of sunlight reaching a specific surface. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance |
W/m2 | W/m2 is a standard unit used to calculate the strength of energy or power received or emitted over a specific surface, frequently in fields like meteorology, astronomy, and engineering. It helps in comprehending the distribution and conveyance of radiation across surfaces, such as solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W/m2 |
Spectrum | Spectrum refers to the extent of various tones or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, perceptible or otherwise. It is often used to depict the dispersion of light or signal bandwidths in multiple scientific and technological areas. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum |
Airmass | An air mass is a big mass of air with fairly uniform thermal and moisture characteristics, deriving from from particular source areas. These air masses impact weather patterns and sky conditions as they move across diverse regions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airmass |
Solar irradiance | Solar power is the quantification of the intensity per square meter received from the solar source in the form of light. It fluctuates with solar cycles and Earth's atmospheric conditions, affecting weather patterns and meteorological phenomena. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance |
Soiling (solar energy) | Dirt buildup in solar energy refers to the accumulation of debris, and other particles on the surface of photovoltaic modules, which reduces their efficiency. Regular cleaning and servicing are essential to minimize energy loss and maintain best performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soiling_(solar_energy) |
Open-circuit voltage | Open-circuit voltage refers to the maximum voltage available from a power source when there is no current, spanning its terminals. It shows the potential difference of a device when it has been disconnected from any load. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-circuit_voltage |
Short-circuit current | Short-circuit current represents the maximum electrical current that flows through a circuit when a low-resistance connection, or short circuit, occurs, going around the normal load. It creates a major safety hazard and can cause damage to electrical components if not properly controlled. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-circuit_current |
Watt-peak | Watt-peak (Wp) is a measure of the maximum power output of a solar array under perfect sunlight conditions. It reflects the array's peak capacity to generate electricity in conventional testing environments . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt-peak |
Voltmeter | A electrical potential meter is an electrical instrument used to determine the potential difference between two locations in a circuit. It is widely employed in numerous electrical and electronic setups to ensure proper voltage measurements | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltmeter |
Potential-induced degradation | Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a problem in solar modules where high voltage stress causes a notable reduction in energy production and performance. It occurs due to leakage currents and ion migration within the solar cell materials, leading to performance decline over time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential-induced_degradation |
Boron | Boron is a semi metallic element essential for plant development and employed in various industrial applications, like glassmaking and semiconductor manufacturing. It has distinctive chemical traits that cause it beneficial in producing durable, heat-resistant materials. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron |
Photovoltaic mounting system | A photovoltaic mounting system securely supports solar panels, ensuring perfect tilt and alignment for maximum sunlight exposure. It is designed to withstand weather conditions while providing a stable and resilient foundation for solar energy installations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_mounting_system |
Solar power plant | A solar-powered power plant captures sunlight using vast collections of photovoltaic solar panels to create renewable electricity. It offers an eco-friendly energy source, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_plant |
Agrivoltaics | Agrivoltaics is the combined practice of utilizing land for both solar energy generation and cultivation, optimizing space and resources. This method enhances crop production while at the same time producing renewable energy, encouraging sustainable land use. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrivoltaics |
Bifacial solar cells | Bifacial photovoltaic cells are solar panels able to absorb sunlight from both their front and rear surfaces, boosting overall energy output. They are usually installed in a way that enhances performance by leveraging albedo reflection and reflected sunlight from the environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifacial_solar_cells |
Solar canopy | A solar canopy is a structure that provides shade while producing electricity through built-in solar panels. It is often installed in parking lots, walkways, or open spaces to blend environmental benefits with useful design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_canopy |
Solar array | A solar panel setup is a collection of numerous solar panels configured to create electricity from sunlight. It is commonly used in renewable energy systems to deliver environmentally friendly, sustainable power for various applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_array |
Patio cover | A outdoor cover is a structure that delivers shade and shelter from the weather for al fresco areas. It improves the practicality and aesthetic appeal of a terrace, making it a comfortable area for leisure and socializing. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patio_cover |
Zenith angle | The zenith angle is the angle between the vertical direction directly overhead and the line of sight to a celestial object. It is used in astronomy and meteorology to indicate the position of celestial entities in the heavens relative to an observer. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith_angle |
Azimuth angle | The horizontal bearing is a azimuth measured clockwise from a reference direction, typically true north, to the line between an viewer to a point of interest. It is commonly used in routing, land measurement, and celestial observation to define the direction of an target relative to the observer. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth_angle |
Occupational hazards of solar panel installation | Installing solar panels exposes workers to risks such as height falls and electric shocks, requiring proper safety measures. Additionally, exposure to rough climate and potential musculoskeletal injuries pose significant occupational hazards of solar panel installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hazards_of_solar_panel_installation |
Cadmium telluride | CdTe is a electronic substance extensively utilized in thin-film solar cells due to its high efficiency and cost-effectiveness. It exhibits superb optical properties, making it a popular choice for solar applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride |
List of photovoltaics companies | An catalog of photovoltaics companies highlights the leading manufacturers and suppliers specializing in solar panel technology and renewable energy solutions globally. These companies play a crucial role in driving solar energy adoption and innovation across multiple markets. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaics_companies |
Gigawatt | A gigawatt is a quantity of power equal to one billion W, used to measure large-scale energy output and utilization. It is commonly associated with electricity stations, power grids, and major energy initiatives worldwide. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigawatt |
First Solar | First Solar Inc is a worldwide leader in solar PV power solutions, specializing in manufacturing thin film solar modules that offer excellent efficiency and economical power output. The firm is dedicated to sustainable energy development and reducing the world dependency on fossil fuels through cutting-edge solar technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Solar |
GCL System Integration Technology | GCL System Integration Technology expertise in seamlessly integrating various elements of factory and automated systems to boost performance and reliability. It aims on creating cutting-edge solutions that enable efficient communication and cooperation among different tech platforms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCL_System_Integration_Technology |
Shunfeng Photovoltaic | Shunfeng Photovoltaic stands as a leading Chinese corporation expert in the manufacturing and development of photovoltaic solar items and systems. Famous for its advanced technology and sustainable energy initiatives in the the renewable energy industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunfeng_Photovoltaic |
GigaWatt | GigaWatt is a unit of power equal to one billion watts, often used to represent the ability of large-scale electricity generation or consumption. It underscores the immense energy extent involved in modern power infrastructure and tech. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GigaWatt |
Experience curve effects | Learning curve effects refer to the concept where the production cost drops as cumulative output increases, due to learning and efficiencies gained over time. This phenomenon highlights the significance of stored knowledge in lowering costs and enhancing efficiency in production and other operations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects |
Photovoltaics | Photovoltaic systems turn sunlight directly into electricity through semiconductor substances, primarily silicon. This technology is a pure, sustainable energy source that helps lessen reliance on fossil fuels and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics |
Grid parity | Grid parity occurs when the cost of generating solar or wind energy becomes equal to or less than the expense of buying power from the power grid. Achieving Grid parity indicates that sustainable energy sources are cost-effectively viable with conventional fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_parity |
Mains electricity | Mains electricity serves as the primary electrical power supplied to houses and businesses through a network of power lines, delivering a consistent source of energy for numerous appliances. It typically operates at a voltage of around 120V or 230V, according to the country, and is supplied through alternating current (AC). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity |
Balance of system | Balance of system (BOS) refers to all parts of a solar power system apart from the photovoltaic panels, such as inverters, racking, wiring, and other electrical hardware. It is crucial for guaranteeing the effective and reliable operation of a solar energy installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_system |
Solar energy | Solar energy is harnessed from the sun's rays using solar cells to convert electricity or through solar thermal systems to produce heat. It is a renewable, renewable, and environmentally friendly energy source that limits the use of fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy |
Applications of photovoltaics | Photovoltaics are widely utilized in home, corporate, and manufacturing sites to generate clean, renewable electricity from sunlight. They also power remote and off-grid locations, delivering green energy solutions where conventional power grids are not accessible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_photovoltaics |
List of solar-powered products | A catalog of sun-powered goods features a variety of tools that harness sunlight to generate energy, encouraging environmentally friendly and eco-conscious living. These products include everything from solar chargers and lights to household devices and outdoor tools, offering flexible alternatives for energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_solar-powered_products |
Photovoltaic power station | An photovoltaic power station is a plant that generates sunlight directly into electricity using photovoltaic panels. It is a green energy source that supports lowering reliance on non-renewable energy and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_station |
Solar hybrid power systems | Solar hybrid power systems combine solar panels with alternative energy sources, such as wind or diesel generators, to ensure a reliable and efficient power supply. They maximize energy use by balancing renewable resources and backup options, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering overall emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_hybrid_power_systems |
Concentrated photovoltaics | Concentrated photovoltaics use lenses plus reflectors to focus solar radiation onto advanced photovoltaic cells, considerably enhancing energy capture from a smaller area. This method works well in areas with direct, strong sunlight and offers a viable solution to cut solar power costs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_photovoltaics |